Wednesday, 8 February 2017

Study Task 4 - Initial Ideas

Discussion and Possible Ideas 

The theme society can be visually communicated through means of line, shape, colour, texture and collage. Line could be used to represent the dangers of society by making harsh, thin, jagged lines compared to more smooth and soft, straight lines. This effect can also be made with texture using rough and smooth textures to represent different areas in society.
Collage can be used to visually communicate different areas of society such as objectification of women or sexist advertisements which is what I wish to concentrate on throughout my essay as well as my visual journal.

I plan on experimenting in my visual journal to find the best possible way to communicate my theme (society) as well as my essay so it relates to objectification of women. I will do this by collecting different materials as well as magazines/newspapers and looking for words or phrases that relate to this. This could be in advertisements or general articles.

Visual Journal - First Pages 

The initial pages of my visual journal are created by focusing on using collage. I have chosen this method as images of women being objectified are most often seen in magazines. Also I like the textured effect that is created accidentally making the work seem more real. 

Some of the pieces appear to be a lot stronger than others as I am still improving my skills using collage methods. 

I have discovered that my most minimal pieces are the most successful collages that I have created.
 This piece in particular is strong because I have only added red electric tape over the women's nipples which instantly creates the message of how female nipples are seen as unacceptable.

The use of two women rather than one emphasises my message further by showing that this is the case with all women and not just a select few.
 On the next page the woman in the piece is seen as a hero for running across a football match topless.

Would this be the same if a man was to do this?

The use of found font strengthens this piece because it adds colour to the page making the text stand out more than the topless woman.

This piece could be improved by showing the direction of the police officer's eyes who has no shame in staring at her chest. Instantly sexualising her even under her time of arrest.
 My research so far has been focused on how women are objectified and used for their bodies in the media. However, this piece doesn't seem to express that. 

This is one of the weaker pages that I have created so far because it doesn't concentrate on the objectification as much as the other pieces.

I need to focus more on an aspect of feminism. 

Do I want to create collages of heroic women or focus more on how women's bodies are objectified in advertisements and other forms of media?
 Another strong, minimalistic piece.

Is the text actually needed to make it clear to the viewer what is going on in this piece?

The woman in this image has her face covered which I believe strengthens the piece further as the male doesn't seem interested in looking at her face.

This supports my current research into the objectification of women in the media.
 This is another slightly weaker piece of work.

Again it doesn't relate to how women are objectified as well as other pieces I have made.

It could have been improved by possibly focusing more on how the man is looking at the woman. He is also placed slightly higher up on the page than her which emphasises how women are often seen as lower status than women.
 Should I have considered using different mediums for this piece?

The use of bold pink pen doesn't seem to work with the found image.

Also, the piece doesn't seem to relate to the images and texts I have previously researched and analysed. I should have focused more on how the woman is looking out of the image at the spectator to make it relate to my research.



I am going to continue on looking at how women's bodies are objectified rather than focusing on heroic women as the collages seem to be a lot stronger which is easier when focusing on bodies as the designs can be more minimal.

The use of collage relates to my overarching theme (society) as well as my more focused research of how women are objectified in the media because women are often seen in magazines to sell products.


I have had ideas about how women are used in the media, in particular focusing on porn. This seems to be a much larger issue that doesn't appear to be looked into enough. 

Women are often portrayed as victims in pornography, almost giving herself to the man. Whilst researching and analysing texts I found the 'Encyclopaedia of Philosophy - Feminist Perspectives of Objectification' had the most interesting points and went into depth about how women are used in pornography. 

I am going to get feedback from other peers on the next session to help support my work and further develop my ideas.

Study Task 7 - Rationale

Feedback/Discussion and Ideas

  • Buy porn magazines (women losing their identities, just something to look at).
  • Make fun of 'lad' culture.
  • Are women just seen as pieces of meat?
  • People have moved on from 'lad' culture (are men less interested in the other content of 'lad' magazines e.g. football and rather just see pornography?)
  • It has become more accessible online for free.
  • How can I communicate this through collage?
  • Should I focus more on the negative aspects of porn or look further into heroic women?
  • Possibly combine images from porn and bad food images (takeaway leaflets) together to emphasise the vulgarness.
  • Put a price on women - coupon booklets 
  • Strengths of current visual work - censorship, 'first look' piece, hero woman.
  • Weaknesses of current visual work - need to focus more on one element of female objectification. Possibly make a dig at 'lad' culture.
  • Does this idea relate to the change in society? Less people are buying magazines but more people are watching it online.
  • Research nude photography - what is the difference between porn and art? Is one objectification and the other appreciation? (Jeff Koons - Made in Heaven)
  • Possibly make breast like shapes using a collage approach with unpleasant materials/textures.
  • Do men still objectify women when they have unattractive faces?

Rationale

The theme I have chosen is Society. To communicate this theme I have used my visual journal to create collages that relate to my quote as well as the texts I have analysed and researched before beginning the visual element. I believe that collage is the best approach for the theme and related sources because I can use magazines and newspapers as well as different materials to create a visual response. Throughout my visual journal I have used images of women and words or phrases taken from magazines/newspapers that relate to the objectification of women. As well as this I have also used found materials that contain patterns/textures to add to the effect of the collages. Materials such as tissue paper, envelopes and birthday cards have all contributed to making the strongest possible responses to my theme. As I continue my visual journal I plan on focusing more closely on objectification of women in pornography. The theorists Andrea Dworkin and Catharine MacKinnon have influenced this as I researched their opinions on the matter which are similar to my own making me more interested in wanting to find out more about it. I am planning on finding material that can help me focus more closely on this. I will do this by buying porn magazines and finding other materials that could make the taken images look more vile or possibly mimic the porn industry.

Tuesday, 7 February 2017

Study Task 3 - Image Analysis

Amber Vittoria

Descriptive Analysis
The colours used in this particular piece of work are extremely minimal with only slight tonal variations of the one colour which makes the shape of the character's body almost blend into the background of the image which emphasises how Amber Vittoria is trying to break the boundaries of traditional/expected feminine appearance. 
The piece doesn't seem to use any compositional elements as it is flat with only slight texture created using line. However, the white areas create focal points to the artwork which points out the elements of femininity of the character.
The message shown in this piece in particular is how the shape of a woman's body is irrelevant when it comes to the woman as a person. This is shown by how the colour of the character blends in with the background of the image to emphasise that it doesn't make a woman any less of a person if she doesn't fit to society's standard of beauty. The white elements of the image are simply point out the areas that show that the character is in fact a female.
Amber Vittoria begins by creating her work digitally to create the shapes which she then prints on a laser jet printer for texture and adds the other elements such as hair using brush pens. This is how the characters she creates have such elongated body parts which further breaks the standards of society.

Contextual Analysis
This is a recent piece created by Amber although a lot of her work is based around breaking the traditional standards of women's physical appearance. 
She is an illustrator based in New York City where advertisements and media are constantly focused on looks making the opinion expressed in her work even stronger as she tries to convey her message to her audience.
The audience of her work are women who are also interested in breaking the rules of society and how women should look or think they should look. Feminists are a massive part of her audience as Amber herself has strong views on feminism which is seen clearly throughout her work as she focuses on feminine appearance. 

Theoretical Analysis
Feminism is a clear factor throughout Amber Vittoria's work as she wants to break the normality of women changing/or having the desire to alter their bodies in some way to make it suit society's standards. Amber changes this by creating female characters using her method of production by placing the digital elements of the piece down first before giving the woman a figure which breaks traditional femininity.


Teresa Orazio

Descriptive Analysis 
The colours used in this piece make the piece seem innocent because of the use of pastel shades that create the shapes. However, the black background darkens the initial thoughts on the piece.
Overlapping is used which gives the piece more composition. It is used to make shapes stand out from one another. The rounder shapes of the piece are not overlapped making them more frontal and noticeable to the viewer. 
When first viewing the piece it may seem like it is rather abstract using shapes on a black background. Although, when you look at the piece in more detail you begin to notice characters with mysterious faces and bare bodies. Teresa has done this by using the pastel shades to create skin tone.
Teresa Orazio has been focusing on abstract shapes for about 5 years. This piece has been painted and then digitally edited by adding the pastel shades.

Contextual Analysis
This piece is from the Moonmambo series which focuses on elements of dance. This particular piece appears to be burlesque dancing because of the poses that the characters are in as well as the bare body parts in the image.
Moonmambo is an autobiographical series with the characters being based on Teresa herself. The series is influenced by dance. This means that there is no particular client for this piece as she has made it for herself and her mother.
The audience of the work are people who are interested in dance, in particularly burlesque style. Also people who take an interest in abstract style illustrations.

Theoretical Analysis
The image almost seems to look like a modernist piece of artwork because of the abstract shapes and colours that have been used. However, the piece has only been inspired by modernism.
The piece relates to feminism because of how the characters clearly have naked bodies but their faces have been covered by hood like shapes which relates to the objectification of women and how their faces are inferior to their bodies.


Jonny Negron 

Descriptive Analysis
The colours used to create this piece are minimalistic but includes different tonal variations. The bold red tone is used to emphasise the fetish style that he focuses his work on as red tends to represent sex and love.
The character has larger elements in places that people tend to fantasise about such as breasts. hips and eyes.
Jonny Negron created this piece by creating an initial sketch and then painting over it using ink markers.

Contextual Analysis 
The piece has been created for Jonny Negron's personal work rather than a client as he is interested in anime which is seen clearly throughout the work he makes for himself.
The audience of the piece are people who are interested in his work as well as people who are interested in different fetishism pieces such as more curvy female figures.
His work is female based throughout each piece as he knows that his audience will be more interested in seeing this as well as his own interests.

Theoretical Analysis
This piece focuses on feminism and the sexuality of women as Jonny Negron only draws women with emphasised elements that have been made bigger making it more appealing to the audience of his work. Women are constantly sexualised for their bodies which can clearly be displayed in this image.


Torches of Freedom

Descriptive Analysis
The colours used in this piece of propaganda make the image almost seem like a realistic photograph which would have been more appealing to the audience at the time when the piece was made.
The overall message of the piece is to promote the sale of cigarettes. Many brands of cigarettes made these propaganda signs at the time.
In the image the woman has been objectified to make smoking more appealing to men although smoking advertisements of that era focused more on making it more appealing to women.
The image seems to have been originally painted and then printed in mass amounts for newspapers and posters in the streets.

Contextual Analysis
The poster is from around the early 20th century when smoking became more and more of a fashion statement rather than a bad habit.
A lot of the propaganda posters were made across America to promote smoking to make sales of cigarettes rise.
The audience of this particular poster are young single males who want women to be attracted to them. The female character on the image looks like she suits the standards of beauty in society during that era making it more appealing for the young men.

Theoretical Analysis
Consumerism is a massive part of this piece because of the way it is promoting cigarettes to increase sales. Before this cigarettes were seen as a dirty, bad habit but as the brands became more aware of the sales rising so these adverts were made to promote the mass sale of cigarettes.



Roma Manikhin

Descriptive Analysis
This piece by Roma Manikhin is compositionally strong because of the use of overlapping and shadowed/highlighted areas that makes the viewer focus on the important elements in the image.
The message of the image is to recreate the traumas that Roma experienced when he joined the circus as a young boy as well as the desires of the contemporary man.
This piece has been painted using gouache which is clearly seen by the mark making and different tones seen throughout even the 'flat' surfaces of the image.


Contextual Analysis
Roma Manakhin is a Moscow based illustrator which is well known for its large circuses and performers. A lot of Roma's work is based around his career at the circus, in particular, this piece which focuses on the burlesque dancers.
The audience for this piece will be people who take a general interest in his work as well as people who enjoy the circus or burlesque.

Theoretical Analysis
The nature of this piece is to make a joke out of the 'contemporary men' that see the women in burlesque dancing as objects which relates the piece back to feminism. Burlesque is a form of stripping but with more of aCn art form to it.

Alice Wietzel

Descriptive Analysis
This piece contains a lot of composition elements such as overlapping which gives the piece more three dimension and making some of the information more frontal and important.
The piece is a risograph print using 5/6 colours on A3 sized. This is just one of many pages from a zine which consists of nude women with sunburn throughout.

Contextual Analysis
The audience of the piece are people who are interested in historic art as the piece has been inspired by renaissance style paintings.

Theoretical Analysis
This piece relates to feminism as it helps to change the way that people viewed women in art history. Women in paintings are no longer looking outside the painting at the spectator but rather looking at themselves, each other or away.


Francisco Goya 

Descriptive Analysis
The message conveyed in this image is that the woman in the nude is showing herself off to the spectator.
The rule of thirds has been considered in the painting as the woman fits diagonally across the image covering most of the piece.
The background tones appear dark against her pale skin giving the painting a consideration for composition.



Contextual Analysis
Painted in 1797-1800. 
Most well known for how she infamously gazes out of the painting at the spectator.
It was rumoured that the woman in the painting was the mistress of the painter which was painted not for the public, but a wealthy patron.

Theoretical Analysis
The painting relates to feminism because of how the woman has been painted specifically for the viewers pleasure.

Claudia Chanhoi

Descriptive Analysis
The colours in used across the whole image are minimal. The use of pink has connotations of femininity and flesh which can be seen in the piece. 
The use of text on the products has a humorous yet serious approach towards the views of women in the media.
The message of the image is to represent how women are used to sell products.
It has been created using vectors which gives it the crisp effect using simple shapes.

Contextual Analysis
She began creating this type of work expressing this message in 2013 and still continues to create this work. 
Claudia is from Hong Kong with a Catholic family so she was taught female sexuality is a sign of vulnerability. 
The audience of the work is women who are interested in how women are used in media and have an interest in feminism.

Theoretical Analysis
The work of Claudia Chanhoi relates to feminism as a whole because of how she has a light hearted, yet serious message in her work about how women are objectified for means of consumerism. This is clearly seen in this image.